People?v.?Breaux?(1991)?1?Cal.4th?281?,?3?Cal.Rptr.2d?81;?821?P.2d?585 [No.?S004760. Dec?30,?1991.] THE?PEOPLE,?Plaintiff?and?Respondent,?v.?DAVID?ANTHONY?BREAUX,?Defendant?and?Appellant. (Superior?Court?of?Sacramento?County,?No.?71072,?Fred?W.?Marler,?Jr.,?Judge.) (Opinion?by?Panelli,?J.,?with?Lucas,?C.?J.,?Arabian,?Baxter?and?George,?JJ.,?concurring.?Separate?opinion?by?Mosk,?J.,?concurring?in?the?judgment,?with?Kennard,?J.,?concurring.) COUNSEL Quin?Denvir,?under?appointment?by?the?Supreme?Court,?for?Defendant?and?Appellant. John?K.?Van?de?Kamp?and?Daniel?E.?Lungren,?Attorneys?General,?Richard?B.?Iglehart?and?George?Williamson,?Chief?Assistant?Attorneys?General,?Arnold?O.?Overoye?and?Robert?R.?Anderson,?Assistant?Attorneys?General,?Ward?A.?Campbell,?Roger?E.?Venturi?and?George?M.?Hendrickson,?Deputy?Attorneys?General,?for?Plaintiff?and?Respondent.?[1?Cal.4th?290] OPINION PANELLI,?J. Defendant?was?convicted?by?a?jury?in?the?Sacramento?County?Superior?Court?of?the?murder,?robbery,?and?kidnapping?for?robbery?(Pen.?Code,????187,?211,?209)?fn.?1?of?Connie?Lee?Decker?on?June?17,?1984;?robbery?and?kidnapping?for?robbery?(???211,?209)?of?Greg?Hardy?on?June?17,?1984;?assault?with?a?deadly?weapon?on?a?peace?officer?(??245,?subd.?(b))?on?June?19,?1984;?and?being?an?ex-felon?in?possession?of?a?firearm?(??12021).?The?jury?also?found?that?the?murder?was?committed?under?the?special?circumstances?of?kidnapping?and?robbery?(??190.2,?subd.?(a)(17)(i)?&?(ii))?and?that?defendant?had?personally?used?a?firearm?in?the?commission?of?the?offenses?(??12022.5).?The?court?imposed?a?sentence?of?death?and?a?consecutive?sentence?of?10?years,?8?months.?This?appeal?is?automatic?(??1239,?subd.?(b)). I?Guilt?Phase?Evidence The?Prosecution. In?the?early?hours?of?June?17,?1984,?defendant?entered?a?liquor?store?which?he?regularly?patronized?in?Sacramento?and,?at?gunpoint,?robbed?the?cashier,?Greg?Hardy,?of?$200.?Defendant?ordered?Hardy?out?of?the?store?and?threatened,?"I'll?kill?you?right?here,"?when?Hardy?refused?his?order?to?get?in?a?vehicle?parked?nearby.?Hardy?was?released?several?blocks?away.?Hardy?described?defendant?to?the?police,?stating?that?he?noticed?nothing?unusual?about?defendant,?his?walk,?his?manner?of?speech,?or?his?physical?actions. At?5:30?p.m.?of?the?same?day?defendant?drove?a?maroon?Corvette?to?a?gas?station?and?liquor?store?near?Sacramento?and,?leaving?a?young?woman?passenger?in?the?vehicle,?hurriedly?entered?to?leave?$5?for?gas.?Paul?Brown,?cashier,?noticed?his?haste?and?uneasiness,?but?nothing?unusual?about?his?speech?or?walk. Tony?Cox,?assistant?manager,?observed?that,?while?defendant?was?pumping?the?gas,?a?young?woman?at?the?phone?booth?was?mouthing?the?words,?"Help?me."?Defendant?grabbed?her?by?the?hand?and?took?her?to?the?car.?The?woman?continued?to?look?at?Cox,?repeatedly?mouthing,?"Help?me."?As?defendant?sped?away,?Cox?recorded?the?license?number?as?CONNN182.?Police?shortly?thereafter?determined?that?a?similar?number?(CONN182)?was?registered?to?Connie?Decker.?[1?Cal.4th?291] Connie?Decker's?body?was?found?about?8?o'clock?the?next?morning?inside?a?chain?link?fence?near?a?road?in?Rancho?Cordova.?There?was?evidence?that?the?body?had?been?dragged?between?the?road?and?the?fence.?Dr.?Hall,?at?the?scene,?concluded,?based?on?discoloration?from?blood?pooling,?that?Decker?had?been?killed?at?another?location.?Following?an?autopsy,?Dr.?Hall?estimated?that?Decker?had?been?killed?in?the?afternoon?of?June?17?and?stated?the?cause?of?death?as?a?gunshot?to?the?head. On?the?afternoon?of?June?17?defendant?borrowed?a?Thunderbird?and,?about?3?or?4?p.m.,?returned?with?a?maroon?Corvette,?license?plates?"CONN182."?He?told?a?companion?that?he?had?pulled?a?gun?on?a?lady?at?a?liquor?store?and?had?driven?her?to?the?outskirts?of?town?and?"dumped?her?off."?The?companion?remarked?that?the?lady?must?be?crying?about?her?car;?defendant?replied?that?he?did?not?think?so.?Defendant?also?stated?that?he?was?going?to?change?the?plates?on?the?car?because?they?were?"too?conspicuous." A?friend?saw?defendant?in?the?Corvette?at?8?p.m.?on?the?evening?of?June?17.?And?shortly?after?10?p.m.?on?the?same?evening,?defendant?filled?a?Corvette?with?gas.?He?attempted?to?pay?with?Decker's?credit?card.?When?told?the?card?had?expired,?defendant?made?an?excuse,?wrote?the?vehicle's?license?number?(lJ80564)?on?the?credit?slip,?and?told?the?attendant?he?lived?nearby?and?would?get?the?cash.?He?never?returned.…